X-Nico

3 unusual facts about cognitive


Cognitive-affective personality system

The Cognitive-Affective Personality System or Cognitive Affective Processing System (CAPS) is a contribution to the psychology of personality proposed by Walter Mischel and Yuichi Shoda in 1995.

Cognitive-Experiential Self-Theory

Shelly Chaiken's heuristic-systematic model, Carl Jung's distinction between thinking and feeling, and John Bargh's theory on automatic vs. non-automatic processing all have similar components to CEST.

Cognitive-shifting

Decades ago Rollo May taught the process of conscious choosing and cognitive shifting at Princeton in his psychology lectures.


Alexander Shikov

In 2009, Dr. Shikov was appointed as an executive director of Kurchatov Institute's center for Nano-Bio-Info-Cognitive (NBIC) science and technology.

Ben Goertzel

Before entering the software industry, he served as a university faculty in several departments of mathematics, computer science and cognitive science, including the University of Nevada, City University of New York, the University of Waikato, and the University of Western Australia.

Christopher I. Moore

He is a member of the McGovern Institute for Brain Research and an associate professor in the Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences.

Chronic fatigue

Chronic fatigue syndrome, an illness of unknown cause comprising post-exertional malaise, unrefreshing sleep, widespread muscle and joint pain, sore throat, cognitive difficulties, and chronic, often severe, mental and physical exhaustion, for a minimum of six months, not due to ongoing exertion, not substantially relieved by rest, and not due to any other medical condition

Cognitive Constraints on Compositional Systems

Fred Lerdahl's "Cognitive Constraints on Compositional Systems" cites Pierre Boulez's Le Marteau sans Maître (1955) as an example of "a huge gap between compositional system and cognized result," though he "could have illustrated just as well with works by Milton Babbitt, Elliott Carter, Luigi Nono, Karlheinz Stockhausen, or Iannis Xenakis".

Cognitive Process Profile

The CPP predicts cognitive performance in complex, dynamic and vague (or VUCA) work contexts such as professional, strategic and executive environments.

Critical psychology

The conceptions of learning he found most useful in his own detailed analysis of "classroom learning" came from cognitive anthropologists Jean Lave (situated learning) and Edwin Hutchins (distributed cognition).

David G. Hays

In 1982 he published Cognitive Structures, in which he developed a novel scheme for grounding cognition in perception and action as conceived in the control theory of William T. Powers.

David R. Olson

He worked briefly at Dalhousie University in Halifax, Nova Scotia, and was worked as a fellow under the supervision of Jerome Bruner, at Harvard University's Center for Cognitive Studies

Dream interpretation

In 1953, Calvin S. Hall developed a theory of dreams in which dreaming is considered to be a cognitive process.

Dynamism

Dynamicism, the application of dynamical systems theory to cognitive science

Elizabeth Minchin

Her book Homer and the Resources of Memory (2001) draws on several forms of narratology and cognitive science, such as the script theory developed in the 1970s by Roger Schank and Robert Abelson.

Embodied cognition

The modeling work of cognitive neuroscientists such as Francisco Varela and Walter Freeman seeks to explain embodied and situated cognition in terms of dynamical systems theory and neurophenomenology, but rejects the idea that the brain uses representations to do so (a position also espoused by Gerhard Werner).

ESPP

The European Society for Philosophy and Psychology, a professional organization of philosophers and cognitive scientists

Evolutionary argument against naturalism

William Ramsey argued that Plantinga "overlooks the most sensible way . . . to get clear on how truth can be a property of beliefs that bestows an advantage on cognitive systems".

Experimental philosophy

Following the work of Richard Nisbett, which showed that there were differences in a wide range of cognitive tasks between Westerners and East Asians, Jonathan Weinberg, Shaun Nichols and Stephen Stich (2001) compared epistemic intuitions of Western college students and East Asian college students.

Festinger

Leon Festinger (1919–1989), American social psychologist, responsible for the development of the theory of cognitive dissonance

Fodor

Jerry Fodor (born 1935), American author and philosopher concerned with philosophy of mind and cognitive science, husband of the above

Geschwind–Galaburda hypothesis

The Geschwind–Galaburda hypothesis was proposed by Norman Geschwind and Albert Galaburda to explain sex differences in cognitive abilities by relating them to Lateralization of brain function.

Hugh Prather

His work underscored the importance of gentleness, forgiveness, and loyalty; declined to endorse dramatic claims about the power of the individual mind to effect unilateral transformations of external material circumstances; and stressed the need for the mind to let go of destructive cognitions in a manner not unlike that encouraged by the cognitive-behavioral therapy of Aaron T. Beck and the rational emotive behavior therapy commended by Albert Ellis.

Humanist Canada

Humanist Canada's Humanist of the Year award has been received by prominent Canadians such as June Callwood, founder of Casey House, the world's first hospice for people with HIV/AIDS (2007, posthumous), and professor of bioethics and cognitive evolution Dr. Christopher diCarlo (2008).

Inattentional Blindness

Findings such as inattentional blindness - the failure to notice a fully visible but unexpected object because attention was engaged on another task, event, or object - has changed views on how the brain stores and integrates visual information, and has led to further questioning and investigation of the brain and importantly of cognitive processes.

Indiana University East

Julien Simon - author and researcher in Cognitive Literacy Studies.

Jennings Bryant

One of the more widely cited articles Bryant helped author was a large research project on the effects of exposure to the television show "Blue's Clues" on television viewing behavior and cognitive development of children.

Jung-Mo Lee

Then he worked as a Professor at the Department of Psychology and at the Graduate Program for Cognitive Science of Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.

In 1995, he founded the Interdisciplinary Graduate Program for Cognitive Science at Sungkyunkwan University.

Keith Stenning

He was chairman of an Expert Group gathered by the European Commission Directorate-General for Research which proposed some lines of evolutionary cognitive research under the title "What it Means to be Human".

Kenneth Kaye

His principal mentors were the social-cognitive psychologist Jerome S. Bruner, British ethologist M.P.M. Richards, and pediatrician T. Berry Brazelton.

Klingon Language Institute

He obtained a bachelor's degree in psycholinguistics from California State University, Northridge, and then master's and doctoral degrees in cognitive psychology from Kansas State University.

Manès Sperber

Manès Sperber is the father of Italian historian Vladimir Sperber and French anthropologist and cognitive scientist Dan Sperber.

Mark Changizi

His interdisciplinary skills have earned him prestigious academic roles in multiple fields, including appointments in Computer Science at University College Cork, Theoretical Neurobiology at Caltech, and Cognitive Science at Rensselaer.

Metaphoric criticism

The notion that metaphors demonstrate worldviews originates in the work of Kenneth Burke and has been taken up further in the cognitive sciences, particularly by George Lakoff.

Milenko Vlajkov

In 1999 he became the founder and president of the Association for Cognitive Management and of the Institute for Cognitive Management in Stuttgart, Germany, an affiliated training centre of the Albert Ellis Institute in New York.

Neuroscience of gender differences

Estradiol influences cognitive function, specifically by enhancing learning and memory in a dose-sensitive manner.

Norman Kent

Kent Norman, American cognitive psychologist and an expert on Computer Rage

Patricia Devine

Devine, together with her student William Cox, and joined by Lyn Abramson and Steven Hollon, recently proposed the integrated perspective on prejudice and depression, which unites cognitive theories of depression with theories of prejudice, casting them in a common terminology and identifying ways that depression research can inform prejudice research and vice versa.

Robert Abelson

The notion that beliefs, attitudes, and ideology were deeply connected knowledge structures was contained in Scripts, Plans, Goals, and Understanding (1977, with Roger Schank), a work that has collected several thousand citations, and led to the first interdisciplinary graduate program in cognitive science at Yale.

Ronald Langacker

Langacker develops the central ideas of Cognitive Grammar in his seminal, two-volume Foundations of Cognitive Grammar, which became a major departure point for the emerging field of Cognitive Linguistics.

Schank

Roger Schank, American artificial intelligence theorist and cognitive psychologist

Shaun Gallagher

He co-edits the journal Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences, and is the author of several books, including How the Body Shapes the Mind (2005), Phenomenology (2012), Hermeneutics and Education (1992), The Inordinance of Time (1998), Brainstorming (2008), and (with Dan Zahavi), The Phenomenological Mind (2008; 2nd edition, 2012).

Sluggish cognitive tempo

Adele Diamond has postulated that the core cognitive deficit of those with ADHD-PI (ADD) and possibly SCT, is working memory, or, as she coined in her recent paper on the subject, "childhood-onset dysexecutive syndrome".

Sociological illness

The term, social illness, implies that the cause of the illness is from social interaction with others and emphasizes that people don't live in isolation, but have complex social interactions with others that can cause cognitive, behavioral, or affective illness.

Symbolism of terrorism

David Freedberg, argues that humans react to images not simply on a cognitive level, but on an emotional one.

Terman

Lewis Terman, (cognitive psychologist; 1877-1956), IQ testing pioneer, father of Frederick Terman

Trudie Chalder

"Cognitive behavior therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome: a randomized controlled trial." American Journal of Psychiatry 154, no. 3 (1997): 408-414.

True History

...True History may properly be regarded as SF because Lucian often achieves that sense of "cognitive estrangement" which Darko Suvin has defined as the generic distinction of SF, that is, the depiction of an alternate world, radically unlike our own, but relatable to it in terms of significant knowledge.

Verbot

It was therefore only a very short cognitive leap from Julia to Lycos, another robotic agent that explores a virtual world made of hyperlinked pages of text, and which answers questions about those pages.


see also