X-Nico

unusual facts about Indo-European



1973 Thomas Cup

In the European zone England was upset 4–5 by a solid West German squad that featured a world class singles player in Wolfgang Bochow who won both of his matches, as well as a world class doubles team in Roland Maywald and Willi Braun who won the last match of the tie to clinch the victory.

2007–08 Utah Jazz season

During the season, Andrei Kirilenko was named FIBA Europe Player of the Year as the top European player in 2007.

2010 European Marathon Cup

The 2010 European Marathon Cup was the 9th edition of the European Marathon Cup of athletics and were held in Barcelona, Spain, inside of the 2010 European Championships.

2012 Men's Junior European Volleyball Championship

The 2012 Men's Junior European Volleyball Championship is being held in Gdynia, Poland and Randers, Denmark from August 24 to September 2, 2012.

ACP–EU development cooperation

The Treaty of Rome granted associated status to 31 overseas collectivities and territories (OCTs) and provided for the creation of a European Development Fund (EDF) intended to grant technical and financial assistance to the countries which were still under European rule at the time.

Alvania beanii

This species is distributed in European waters, from the North Coast of Norway and the North East Atlantic Ocean down to the Canary Islands.

Androgenic hair

C.H. Danforth and Mildred Trotter of the Department of Anatomy at Washington University did a study using army soldiers of European origin where they concluded that dark-haired white men are generally more hairy than fair-haired white men.

Axel Michaels

During the years 2004 to 2011, he was Speaker of the German Research Foundation Council “Cultural Anthropology, Religious Studies, Non-European Cultures”.

Bay View Historical Society

They have restored the area surrounding the Pryor Avenue Iron Well and designated historical landmarks at the following locations: Beulah Brinton House, Bay View United Methodist Church, Bay View Rolling Mill, Puddler's Hall, St. Augustine School, St. Lucas Lutheran Church, Estes Home, Kneisler's White House Tavern, Club Garibaldi, Trowbridge Street School, Dover Street School, European Copper Beech Tree, Immaculate Conception Church, and the Keller Winery.

Cambridge Model European Council

The Cambridge Model European Council is an annual student-run conference based in the English city of Cambridge.

Castello Estense

The itinerary of the restoration of the castle has gone through important steps to remember: the exhibition "The Triumph of Bacchus" inaugurated in 2002 by the President of the Italian Republic Carlo Azeglio Ciampi and the art exposition "The Este in Ferrara" opened on 14 March 2004 by the President of the European Commission Romano Prodi.

CEES

Common European Economic Space or Common Economic Space (CES), one of four projected spheres of cooperation between the European Union and Russia

Christophe Cuvillier

Christophe Cuvillier (born December 5, 1962 in Etterbeek) is a French businessman and current chief executive officer of the European real-estate group Unibail-Rodamco.

Clisura Dunării

Miodrag Belodedici (born 1964), Romanian retired footballer, won the European cup with Steaua Bucureşti and Red Star Belgrade (1985, 1990).

Craig Schiffer

Prior to Dresdner Kleinwort, Schiffer headed Nomura International’s European Fixed Income Division, overseeing all of the capital markets and derivative businesses.

Crossair Europe

Crossair Europe (European Continental Airways) was an airline headquartered on the grounds of EuroAirport Basel-Mulhouse-Freiburg in Saint-Louis, Haut Rhin, France, near Basel, Switzerland.

Duleek

The village’s four crosses and the lime tree on the village green are reminders of Duleek’s links to the struggle between William and James and to wider European unrest at the time of Louis XIV of France.

Erromanga language

Terry Crowley states that there would have been three different languages prior to European contact.

Fizzers

Fizzers pieces are not executed in the traditional, satirical mode of British caricature epitomised by Gerald Scarfe, but are inspired by the works of European artists such as Sebastian Krüger and Patrice Ricord.

Fusion cuisine

California cuisine is considered a fusion culture, taking inspiration particularly from Italy, France, Mexico, the idea of the European delicatessen, and eastern Asia, and then creating traditional dishes from these cultures with non-traditional ingredients - such as California pizza.

Indies

The extensive East Indies are subdivided into two sections (from a European perspective), archaically called Hither India and Further India.

Indo-Pacific humpbacked dolphin

Chinensis-type (Chinese white dolphin) is the eastern variety, found in Southeast Asia and northern Australia

Islamic pottery

The first centre was Malaga, producing wares in traditional Islamic styles, but from the 13th century Muslim potters migrated to the reconquered Christian city of Valencia, outlying suburbs of which such as Manises and Paterna became the most important centres, manufacturing mainly for Christian markets in styles increasingly influenced by European decoration, though retaining a distinct character.

Italian classical music

Yet, it was inevitable that Italian composers would respond to the fading values of Romanticism and the cynicism provoked in many European artistic quarters by such things as World War I and such cultural/scientific phenomena as psychoanalysis in which—at least according to Robert Louis Stevenson—"all men have secret thoughts that would shame hell."

Jean Moulin University Lyon 3

Patrick Louis, vice-president of the Movement for France, and currently member of the European Parliament (since 2004).

José María Gil-Robles y Quiñones

:For the erstwhile president of the European Parliament, see José María Gil-Robles.

Kraft Suspense Theatre

Other episodes that were later expanded into theatrical films (initially for European release) included "Once Upon a Savage Night" (released as Nightmare In Chicago) and "In Darkness, Waiting" (Strategy of Terror).

Louis I of Hungary

The Renaissance style came directly from Italy during the Quattrocento to Hungary foremost in the Central European region.

Malplaquet

The Battle of Malplaquet (11 September 1709) between the French and the Allies, the largest European battle in the eighteenth century

Marcus Ashley

He has also appeared in 50 U.S. national and European commercials, including those by Volkswagen, Heineken, Levi's, Budweiser, and Toyota.

Marina Shainova

At the 2006 European Championships in Władysławowo, Poland she won gold in the Women's 58 kg with 237 kg in total, breaking three European records.

Matt Salter

He played for London Broncos in the European Super League, and was in the starting line-up (as a prop forward) for them in the 1999 Rugby League Challenge Cup Final, led out by the club backer at the time, Richard Branson.

Maurits van Nierop

He returned to the Dutch youth set-up in 2005, playing in the European Under-23 Championship in Deventer.

Merchant Express Aviation

Competition from such European cargo airlines like Cargo Lion, Cargolux and Germany's DHL, combined with the poor economical situation of Nigeria during the time (which also had to do with Nigeria Airways' demise) to precipitate the cargo airline company's demise before the 2000s had arrived.

Milan Kučan

At the peace talks began at Brioni, with the European Community as a mediator, the Army started its withdrawal from Slovenia.

Mount Barney National Park

The first known climb to the summit of Mt Barney by a European was completed in 1828 by Captain Patrick Logan, by one of the hardest and spectacular ridges on the mountain, named in his honour.

Nataraja

In 2004, a 2m statue of the dancing Shiva was unveiled at CERN, the European Center for Research in Particle Physics in Geneva.

Oldberrow

It is included in the West Midlands electoral region of the European Parliament and the 6 Members are; Mike Nattrass (UK Independence), Liz Lynne (Liberal Democrat), Malcolm Harbour (Conservative), Michael Cashman (Labour), Philip Bradbourn OBE (Conservative) and Nicole Sinclaire (UK Independence).

Proto-Indo-Europeans

Another counter-argument is the fact that ancient Anatolia is known to have been inhabited by non-Indo-European people, namely the Hattians, Khalib/Karub, and Khaldi/Kardi; though this does not preclude the possibility that the earliest Indo-European speakers may have been there too.

Raffaele Baldassarre

On 24 June 2013, the Dutch news blog GeenStijl posted a video in which Baldassarre was seen checking in at the European Parliament to claim a 304 euro daily expenses fee, leaving immediately afterwards.

Sambourne

It is included in the West Midlands electoral region of the European Parliament and the six members are; Mike Nattrass (UK Independence), Liz Lynne,(Liberal Democrat), Malcolm Harbour (Conservative), Michael Cashman (Labour), Philip Bradbourn OBE (Conservative) and Nicole Sinclaire (UK Independence).

Sella Nevea

Because both Italy and Slovenia are members of the European Schengen area, skiers are able to freely cross the border between Italy and Slovenia, effectively merging the Sella Nevea and Bovec ski resorts into one large ski resort covering both sides of the Canin mountain.

Standing Buddha

The earliest known image of the Buddha with approximate indications on date is the Bimaran casket, which has been found buried with coins of the Indo-Scythian king Azes II (or possibly Azes I), indicating a 30-10 BCE date, although this date is not undisputed.

The Last Horror Movie

2004 - Espoo Ciné - Méliès d'Argent, Grand Prize of European Fantasy Film in Silver - Winner

The Pretty Little Calf

More commonly, European tales feature the children being abandoned: The Dancing Water, the Singing Apple, and the Speaking Bird, The Tale of Tsar Saltan, The Three Little Birds, The Wicked Sisters, Ancilotto, King of Provino and Princess Belle-Etoile

Treaty of Nice

The Irish government, having obtained the Seville Declaration on Ireland's policy of military neutrality from the European Council, decided to have another referendum on the Treaty of Nice on Saturday, 19 October 2002.

Tyrsenian languages

If these languages could be shown to be related to Etruscan and Rhaetic, they would constitute a pre-Indo-European family stretching from (at the very least) the Aegean islands and Crete across mainland Greece and the Italian peninsula to the Alps.

Ulmu, Ialoveni

It aims to link the neighboring villages of Văsieni, Ruseștii Noi and Ulmu itself to the European magistrale M1 directly.

Uwe Corsepius

Uwe Corsepius's successor as a Director of European Affairs in the Chancellery is Nikolaus Meyer-Landrut.

Witchcraft Today

In the book Gardner also repeats the claim, which had originated with Matilda Joslyn Gage, that 9 million victims were killed in the European witch-hunts.


see also

Agni-Kuči

Tocharian languages, two (or perhaps three) Indo-European languages spoken by those people

Alan Nussbaum

Alan Jeffrey (Jerry) Nussbaum (born December 17, 1947) is an American Indo-European (IE) linguist and classical philologist, best known for his work on the language of the Homeric epics and the nominals of the IE languages and of reconstructed Proto-Indo-European (PIE) — especially their derivational semantics and morphology (including that of the “Caland system”).

Alvand

Alvand is newer form of *Harvant, (from Indo-European > Indo-Iranian root of *har), means "high", and vanta (akin to German "bund" and English bond, Persian and Kurdish "band," meaning "connected to" or "that of," "bound to" etc.

Archaeogenetics of the Near East

Genetic studies conducted by Cavalli-Sforza have revealed that Iranians have a weak mtDNA correlation with Semitic speaking Near Eastern groups, with more similarities in Mitochondrial DNA to surrounding Indo-European speaking populations of Asia.

Aryan race

Thus in a 1989 article in Scientific American, Colin Renfrew uses the term "Aryan" as a synonym for "Indo-European".

Auðumbla

The Swedish scholar Viktor Rydberg, writing in the late 19th century, drew a parallel between the Norse creation myths and accounts in Zoroastrian and Vedic mythology, postulating a common Proto-Indo-European origin.

Æsir–Vanir War

Scholars have cited parallels between the Æsir–Vanir War, The Rape of the Sabine Women from Roman mythology, and the Mahabharata from Hindu mythology, providing support for a Proto-Indo-European "war of the functions."

Basque mythology

Everson, M. Tenacity in religion, myth, and folklore: the Neolithic Goddess of Old Europe preserved in a non-Indo-European setting, Journal of Indo-European Studies 17, 277 (1989).

Carl Darling Buck

His Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages was called by Calvert Watkins "a treasure house of words, word origins, expressions, and ideas..., a monument to a great American scholar".

Cerbère

Given the antiquity of the name, it must be assumed to be a pre-Latin name, and to come from the pre-Indo-European root kar or ker (rock) followed by the Ibero-Basque root -erri (place).

Daci

Dacians, ancient Indo-European people who lived roughly in the territory of modern Romania and surrounding neighbors

Decline and end of the Cucuteni–Trypillian culture

He attempted (among other things) to substantiate Gimbutas' claim of an Indo-European conquest of the indigenous Neolithic European peoples by comparing blood types of present-day Europeans.

Demographics of Iran

There are small groups using other Indo-European languages such as Pashtun and Armenian; the isolate Dravidian language Brahui in the south-east; and Georgian (a member of the Kartvelian language family), spoken only by those Iranian Georgians that live in Fereydan and Fereydunshahr.

Devarajah

Zeus, Týr, Jupiter, Dyauṣ Pitār and the names of various other Indo-European gods are closely linked derivatives of the PIE *deiwos, specifically from Dyeus and its derivatives: dyāus in Sanskrit, deus in Latin and zeus in Ancient Greek.

Edgar H. Sturtevant

Besides research on Native American languages and field work on the Modern American English dialects, he is the father of the Indo-Hittite hypothesis, first formulated in 1926, based on his seminal work establishing the Indo-European character of Hittite (and the related Anatolian languages), with Hittite exhibiting more archaic traits than the normally reconstructed forms for Proto-Indo-European.

Frederik Kortlandt

In 2007, he composed a version of Schleicher's fable, a story written in a hypothetical reconstruction Proto-Indo-European, which differs radically from all previous versions.

Gāndhārī language

Scholars believe that the language featured elements from the languages native to the area (pre-Indo-European population) which are related to the Indo-Aryan family to which all prakrits belong, as well as Dardic and Iranian ethnic languages (i.e. Pashto) native to Peshawar.

Geri and Freki

Philologist Maurice Bloomfield further connected the pair with the two dogs of Yama in Vedic mythology, and saw them as a Germanic counterpart to a more general and widespread Indo-European "Cerberus"-theme.

Bruce Lincoln further traces Geri back to a Proto-Indo-European stem *gher-, which is the same as that found in Garmr, a name referring to the hound closely associated with the events of Ragnarök.

Goidelic substrate hypothesis

Ranko Matasović points out that there are words of possibly or probably non-Indo-European origin in other Celtic languages as well; therefore, the substrate may not have been in contact with Primitive Irish but rather with Proto-Celtic.

Harpy Tomb

The Lycian language, although it is Indo-European, is related to Hittite and most probably directly descended from the related Luwian language.

Historical migration

The Indo-European migration has variously been dated to the end of the Neolithic (Marija Gimbutas: Corded ware, Yamna, Kurgan), the early Neolithic (Colin Renfrew: Starčevo-Körös, Linearbandkeramic) and the late Palaeolithic (Marcel Otte, Paleolithic Continuity Theory).

Human branding

The English verb to burn, attested since the 12th century, is a combination of Old Norse brenna "to burn, light," and two originally distinct Old English verbs: bærnan "to kindle" (transitive) and beornan "to be on fire" (intransitive), both from the Proto-Germanic root bren(wanan), perhaps from a Proto-Indo-European root bhre-n-u, from base root bhereu- "to boil forth, well up."

In Search of the Cradle of Civilization

In Search of the Cradle of Civilization: New Light on Ancient India is a 1995 book by Georg Feuerstein, Subhash Kak, and David Frawley that argues against the theories that Indo-European peoples arrived in India in the middle of the second millennium BC (Indo-Aryan migration) and supports the concept of "Indigenous Aryans" and the Out of India theory.

Indo-European Etymological Dictionary

The Indo-European Etymological Dictionary (commonly abbreviated IEED) is a research project of the Department of Comparative Indo-European Linguistics at Leiden University, initiated in 1991 by Peter Schrijver and others.

Indo-European s-mobile

Mark R.V. Southern, Sub-Grammatical Survival: Indo-European s-mobile and its Regeneration in Germanic, Journal of Indo-European Studies Monograph 34 (1999).

Indo-Semitic languages

The arguments presented for a relationship between Indo-European and Semitic in the 19th century were commonly rejected by Indo-Europeanists, including W.D. Whitney (1875) and August Schleicher.

Katwal

Katwal or Katowal is a surname used by Nepali Hindu community belonging to the Indo-European race originally from Nepal.

Languages of South Asia

Most languages spoken in India belong either to the Indo-European (ca. 74%), the Dravidian (ca. 24%), the Austroasiatic (Munda) (ca. 1.2%), or the Tibeto-Burman (ca. 0.6%) families, with some languages of the Himalayas still unclassified.

Marija Gimbutas

In 1956 Gimbutas introduced her Kurgan hypothesis, which combined archaeological study of the distinctive Kurgan burial mounds with linguistics to unravel some problems in the study of the Proto-Indo-European (PIE) speaking peoples, whom she dubbed the "Kurgans"; namely, to account for their origin and to trace their migrations into Europe.

Mother Hulda

names Hulda (or Holda, Holla, Holle) as having originally been an ancient Germanic supreme goddess who predates most of the Germanic pantheon, including deities such as Odin, Thor, Freya, and Loki, continuing traditions of pre-Indo-European Neolithic Europe.

Nordic Bronze Age

Remnants of the Bronze Age religion and mythology are believed to exist in Germanic mythology and Norse mythology; e.g., Skinfaxi and Hrímfaxi and Nerthus, and it is believed to itself be descended from an older Indo-European prototype.

Odia

Oriya language, an Indian language, belonging to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European language family

Proto-Indo-Iranian religion

Instead, since early in the 20th century, following Meillet, Thieme and Kuiper, the social function of the Indo-Iranian *Asura/Āditya deities has been stressed; they are an innovative group not found in Indo-European religion.

Raeti

Alternatively their language may have been Italic, akin to that of their close neighbours, the Veneti (whose language, considered part of the "West Italic" sub-branch of the Italic branch of Indo-European, was closely related to Latin).

Ruki

Ruki sound law, a phonological law in some Indo-European branches

Sigynnae

Rawlinson speculates that "the Sigynnae retained a better recollection than other European tribes of their migrations westward and Aryan origin", apparently using the term "Aryan" with a meaning somewhere between Indo-Iranian and Indo-European.

Substratum in Vedic Sanskrit

Colin Masica could not find etymologies from Indo-European or Dravidian or Munda or as loans from Persian for 31 percent of agricultural and flora terms of Hindi.

Tardebigge

The name Tærdebicga (whose dative case is Tærdebicgan) does not appear to have any likely meaning in Anglo-Saxon or Celtic or any other likely known language, and may be a stray survival from whatever aboriginal (perhaps Pre-Indo-European) language was spoken in England before the Celts came.

Terracina

The name Tarracina has been instead pointed out variously as pre-Indo-European origin, or as Etruscan (Tarchna or Tarchuna, the name of the Tarquinii family): in this view, it would precede the Volscian conquest.

Tüfekçi

Ivan Duridanov has claimed that the river names Arsio, Arse in Old Prussia, Arsen and Arsia in Latvia and Arsina in Germany are derivation of the root ors-, ers “(for water) flow, damp” in the Indo-European language family (Hindi arşati) and ars- in the Thracian language.

Víðarr

Dumézil theorizes that these myths of Fenrir/Víðarr and Bali/Vishnu may have a common origin in an Indo-European God of spatiality, similar but distinct from the hypothetical framing or entry/exit God that spawned Janus and Heimdall.

Vyacheslav Ivanov

Vyacheslav Vsevolodovich Ivanov, one of the most influential modern scholars specializing in Indo-European studies

Winfred P. Lehmann

In his last book (2002), he assembled extensive data from the nominal and verbal systems, from the lexicon, phonology, and syntax of the ancient IE languages, to argue that Pre-Indo-European was active/stative in alignment, rather than nominative/accusative.

The volume which grew from this conference, Reconstructing Languages and Cultures (1992, edited by Edgar Charles Polomé and Werner Winter), points to the worldwide impact of Lehmann's work on Indo-European and historical linguistics.

Zdzisław Wąsik

He is the author of 5 books, above 24 collective editorials and above 100 articles, entering the scope of general and comparative Indo-European linguistics, history and methodology of science as well as semiotics and theory of communication.