After Finland gained its independence in 1917, and the Finnish Civil War in 1918, the German general Rüdiger von der Goltz lived there briefly.
As many of the demoralised German soldiers were being withdrawn from Latvia, a Freikorps unit called the Iron Division (Eiserne Division) was formed and deployed in Riga and used to delay the Red advance.
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On June 19, the Iron Division and Landeswehr units launched an attack to capture areas around Cēsis, but in the battles over the following few days, they were defeated by the 3rd Estonian Division (led by Ernst Põdder).
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