Since mRNA is the starting material, the amount of sequence representation for a given gene will be based on the expression level (how many mRNA molecules it produces).
Gene expression is affected instead of proteins in subtype two SCAs because of this.
DNA contains both the instructions (genes) for stringing amino acids together into the chains we call proteins, as well as stretches of DNA which do not code for proteins (noncoding DNA), but which may play important roles in regulating the level of working genes and proteins ultimately produced (see the expression of genes and gene translation into protein).
The mutations cause expression of a defective α chain or complete absence thereof, an essential part of high-affinity interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptors.
This can be used to discover the function of an unknown gene, any genetic interactions that occur or where the gene is expressed.
A study has shown that when the cortical spreading depression phenomenon was induced in mice, ANP was expressed in the brain.
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SMAR1 (Scaffold/Matrix attachment region-binding protein 1; also known as BANP), a tumour-suppressor MAR-binding protein that down-regulates Cyclin D1 expression by recruiting HDAC1-mSin3A co-repressor complex at Cyclin D1 promoter locus; SMAR1 is the target of prostaglandin A2 (PGA2) induced growth arrest.
By the late-1970s, however, three new revolutionary techniques had been developed: recombinant DNA, monoclonal antibodies, and gene expression, the foundations of the biotechnology industry.
Proteins that contain a CXXC motif within their DNA-binding domain, such as CXXC1, recognize CpG sequences and regulate gene expression.
The latest version of ArrayStar, version 5.0, which was released in 2011, also includes an optional module, QSeq, to allow scientists to visualize and analyze RNA-Seq and ChIP-Seq data using the same tools as are used for microarray gene expression.
The assembled enhanceosome recruits transcriptional machinery such as RNA polymerase to the promoter region to initiate gene expression.
Latexin, a protein possessing inhibitory activity against rat carboxypeptidase A1 (CPA1) and CPA2 (MEROPS peptidase family M14A), is expressed in a neuronal subset in the cerebral cortex and cells in other neural and non-neural tissues of rat.
Natural Killer T cells can share other features with NK cells as well, such as CD16 and CD56 expression and granzyme production.
The GLI3 gene provides instructions for making a protein that controls gene expression, which is a process that regulates whether genes are turned on or off in particular cells.
Significance analysis of microarrays (SAM) is a statistical technique, established in 2001 by Virginia Tusher, Robert Tibshirani and Gilbert Chu, for determining whether changes in gene expression are statistically significant.
In 2011 he received the Canada Gairdner Award from the Gairdner Foundation, together with Howard Cedar and Adrian Peter Bird, for their "pioneering discoveries on DNA methylation and its role in gene expression."
In melanocytic cells ATP6V1B2 gene expression may be regulated by MITF.
In melanocytic cells ATP6V1C1 gene expression may be regulated by MITF.
In melanocytic cells CA14 gene expression may be regulated by MITF.
In melanocytic cells CHKA gene expression may be regulated by MITF.
In melanocytic cells CPN1 gene expression may be regulated by MITF.
In melanocytic cells DAPK1 gene expression may be regulated by MITF.
In melanocytic cells DUSP4 gene expression may be regulated by MITF.
In melanocytic cells DYNC1I1 gene expression may be regulated by MITF.
Epigenetics, changes in gene expression due to mechanisms other than changes in DNA sequence
In melanocytic cells GAPDHS gene expression may be regulated by MITF.
In gene expression programming the linear chromosomes work as the genotype and the parse trees as the phenotype, creating a genotype/phenotype system.
Among those are adenovirus and adeno-associated virus vectors (AAV) ,which have the properties of high and efficient transduction, ease of production in high volumes, a wide range of hosts, and extended gene expression.
The protein encoded by this gene localizes to the cytoplasm and activates patched Drosophila homolog (PTCH) gene expression.
The protein encoded by this gene localizes in the cytoplasm and activates patched Drosophila homolog (PTCH1) gene expression.
Some of these pathways include Rap, Erk1/2, MAPK, B-RAF, PI3-K, cAMP, PKA, and TORC2 that are activated to initiate exocytosis, proinsulin gene expression and translation, increase insulin biosynthesis, and genetically increase beta cell proliferation and neogenesis.
In melanocytic cells GPM6B gene expression may be regulated by MITF.
The receptor activates insulin gene expression by activation of MAPK through a mechanism dependent on MEK but independent of both Raf and Ras3.
In 2011 he received the Canada Gairdner Award from the Gairdner Foundation, together with Aharon Razin, for their "pioneering discoveries on DNA methylation and its role in gene expression."
In melanocytic cells HPGD gene expression may be regulated by MITF.
In melanocytic cells HPS4 gene expression may be regulated by MITF.
Genomic imprinting (genetic imprinting), a mechanism of regulating gene expression
In melanocytic cells IVNS1ABP gene expression may be regulated by MITF.
Using bacterial luciferase as a reporter for gene expression, studies have shown that, similar to Drosophila, mouse, and Neurospora clock models, the Synechococcus circadian clock is based on a negative feedback loop.
In transgenic mouse studies it was determined that the LCR was required for normal regulation of beta-globin gene expression.
In melanocytic cells LYST gene expression may be regulated by MITF.
In melanocytic cells LZTS1 gene expression may be regulated by MITF.
In melanocytic cells GNPTG gene expression may be regulated by MITF.
For agriculture and the environment, landscapes exist to describe the Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of plants, promoters used to regulate gene expression, antibiotic resistance genes and their uses in plant genetic transformation, resistance to Phosphinothricin, positive selection, bioindicators/ambiosensors, and the rice genome.
Proteins containing this domain also include Arabidopsis thaliana cryptochromes 1 and 2, which are blue light photoreceptors that mediate blue light-induced gene expression and modulation of circadian rhythms.
Also, it is a very flexible technique that enables variable application including BAC (bacterial artificial chromosome) and bacterial genome resequencing, as well as SAGE (serial analysis of gene expression) tag and barcode sequencing.
However, this effect is not a direct result of PrP’s absence, and rather arises from increased Doppel gene expression.
In melanocytic cells PLP1 gene expression may be regulated by MITF.
In melanocytic cells RAB17 gene expression may be regulated by MITF.
In melanocytic cells RAB38 gene expression may be regulated by MITF.
In melanocytic cells RIPK5 gene expression may be regulated by MITF.
The main focus of his experimental work was the epigenetic control of gene expression by DNA methylation in CHO cells.
In melanocytic cells SEMA6A gene expression may be regulated by MITF.
In melanocytic cells SGK3 gene expression may be regulated by MITF.
In melanocytic cells ST8SIA1 gene expression may be regulated by MITF.
In melanocytic cells TDRD7 gene expression may be regulated by MITF.
The Tet system has advantages over Cre, FRT, and ER (estrogen receptor) conditional gene expression systems.
Northern blotting studies have shown that the gene expression is predominantly found in morphologically differentiated neurologic cells.
In melanocytic cells UBL3 gene expression may be regulated by MITF.
In melanocytic cells USP48 gene expression may be regulated by MITF.
In melanocytic cells VAT1 gene expression may be regulated by MITF.
In melanocytic cells ZFYVE16 gene expression may be regulated by MITF.