X-Nico

96 unusual facts about DNA


African forest elephant

The DNA tests, however, indicated the two populations were much more different than previously believed.

Agkistrodon bilineatus taylori

Elevated to species status by Parkinson, Zamudio and Greene (2000) based on mitochondrial DNA sequences.

Aimee Willard

With DNA evidence, her killer was identified as ex-convict Arthur Bomar, who was charged with and convicted of her murder.

Alkyl phosphate

For example, high energy metabolites such as ATP and PEP are alkyl phosphates, as are nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA.

An End to the Means

It is not a match to her own DNA but a paternal match to a man named Mohammed Khan.

Andrew Vachss

He's so committed to his family of choice—not his DNA-biological family, which tortured him, or the state which raised him, but the family that he chose—that homicide is a natural consequence of injuring any of that family.

Asarum

Study of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA, combined with morphological data, have yielded a better-resolved phylogenetic hypothesis, confirming the distinctiveness of the above-named genera.

Awesome Android

A synthesis of ape DNA and unstable molecules incorporated into an almost indestructible body with a microcomputer and a solar-power source, the newly christened Awesome Android is directed against the Fantastic Four, although the superhero team defeats both the Android and the Thinker.

Bathsheba Grossman

Her website also has crystals that have been laser etched with three-dimensional patterns, including models of nearby stars, the DNA macromolecule, and the Milky Way Galaxy.

Bavarian State Police

One day later the murderer was arrested through a DNA analysis match and sentenced to life imprisonment.

Bendamustine

It acts as an alkylating agent causing intra-strand and inter-strand cross-links between DNA bases.

Brazilian large-eyed stingray

In 2006, Leticia de Almeida Leao Vaz and colleagues published a phylogenetic analysis, based on genomic DNA, of the Brazilian large-eyed stingray and three other common stingrays found off Brazil: the southern stingray (D. americana), the longnose stingray (D. guttata), and the roughtail stingray (D. centroura).

Brisbane River cod

All naturally occurring Maccullochella cod in east coast drainages ultimately originate from Murray cod, Maccullochella peelii that entered an east coast river system, likely the Clarence, via a natural river capture event somewhere between 0.62 and 1.62 million years ago (mean estimate 1.1 million years ago), as estimated by DNA divergence rates.

Brushy Bill Roberts

In 2003 Lincoln County Sheriff Tom Sullivan, Capitan, New Mexico Mayor Steve Sederwall, and De Baca County, New Mexico Sheriff Gary Graves began a campaign to exhume the remains of Billy the Kid and his mother, Catherine Antrim, to prove it was in fact Billy the Kid buried in Fort Sumner through DNA.

Buddleja crispa

Until DNA analysis can prove otherwise, it is this classification which is accepted here.

Canarium fusiforme

The cladogram was based on DNA sequences of both nuclear histone H3 and mitochondrial cytochrome-c oxidase I (COI) protein-coding gene regions.

Carl Eugene Watts

Even with the advent of DNA testing it was still nearly impossible because he rarely performed sexual acts on his victims; his crimes were not thought to be sexually motivated.

Central Forensic Science Laboratory, Hyderabad

Among other scientific examination facilities the laboratory also provides the facilities for DNA examination and cyber forensics.

Cladh Hallan

According to recent anthropological and DNA-analysis the skeletons of a female and a male were compiled from body parts of at least 6 different human individuals.

Colostrinin

A 2006 study published in the Journal of Experimental Therapeutics and Oncology indicated that Colostrinin may have an impact on the aging process by reducing the spontaneous or induced mutation frequency in the DNA of cells.

Commemorative coins of Poland: 2000

Reverse: A stylized combination of fragments of: figures in the binary notation, printed circuit, DNA molecule, and elementary particles.

Cophenetic correlation

Although it has been most widely applied in the field of biostatistics (typically to assess cluster-based models of DNA sequences, or other taxonomic models), it can also be used in other fields of inquiry where raw data tend to occur in clumps, or clusters.

Decipherment

The term has also been used to describe the analysis of the genetic code information encoded in DNA - see the Human Genome Project article for more on this.

Delroy Easton Grant

In March 2004, Operation Minstead detectives hand-delivered a letter to hundreds of black men in South London, asking for their help in voluntarily providing a DNA sample for elimination purposes.

DNA Analysis Backlog Elimination Act of 2000

The DNA Analysis Backlog Elimination Act of 2000 (H.R. 4640, 42 U.S.C. 14135 et seq.) is a United States Act of Congress that primarily allows U.S. States to carry out DNA analyses for use in the FBI's Combined DNA Index System and to collect and analyse DNA samples.

DNA-directed RNA interference

Classified as an orphan disease, there is currently no therapy for OPMD, caused by a mutation in the poly(A) binding protein nuclear 1 (PABPN1) gene.

Donald Walters

DNA samples recovered from blood in the building match that of Walters, and splatter vectors suggest that he died from two gunshot wounds to the back, from more than twenty feet away.

Eufloria

After conquering them, the mothertree analysed their remains, and found that all the enemy seedlings had the same DNA as the Euflorian's seedlings.

Evolution in Variable Environment

EVE operates under the “central dogma,” the assumption that all biochemical pathways proceed through the following steps: DNA => RNA => protein.

Fever Abduction

It has the possible theory of a DNA transfer from the alien intelligence to human bodies.

Field Dog Stud Book

In addition to registration the FDSB maintains the results of DNA testing of dogs to promote genetic health.

Force spectroscopy

In this way a great deal has been learned in recent years about the mechanochemical coupling in the enzymes responsible for muscle contraction, transport in the cell, energy generation (F1-ATPase), DNA replication and transcription (polymerases), DNA unknotting and unwinding (topoisomerases and helicases), and so on.

Forensic Services

The Evidence Recovery Unit provides chemical treatment prior to fingerprint, DNA and firearms examinations and use of specialised photographic lighting techniques.

Furness General Hospital

FGH is home to the laboratory where a DNA test was conducted on the body recovered from the infamous Bluebird K7 crash which turned out to be Donald Campbell.

General feature format

The general feature format (gene-finding format, generic feature format, GFF) is a file format used for describing genes and other features of DNA, RNA and protein sequences.

George Poinar, Jr.

In 1992 a team consisting of Poinar, his wife, his son Hendrik, and Dr. Raúl J. Cano of California Polytechnic State University successfully extracted insect DNA from a Lebanese weevil in amber that was 125 million years old, but more recent studies of ancient DNA cast doubt on the results.

He is known for popularizing the idea of extracting DNA from insects fossilized in amber, an idea which received widespread attention when adapted by Michael Crichton for the book and movie Jurassic Park.

Gypsy horse

All of the North American Gypsy Horse and Drum Horse registries employ the Animal Genetics Research Laboratory of the University of Kentucky to perform DNA analysis and maintain a database of registered horses' DNA markers.

HIST1H2BH

Two molecules of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4) form an octamer, around which approximately 146 bp of DNA is wrapped in repeating units, called nucleosomes.

Homo

The nuclear DNA results indicate about 30% of derived alleles in H. sapiens are also in the Neanderthal lineage.

Indonesia–Madagascar relations

According to an extensive new mitochondrial DNA study, native Malagasy people today can likely trace their genetic heritage back to 30 different mothers from Indonesia.

Iraqw people

The Iraqw's autosomal DNA has been examined in a comprehensive study by Tishkoff et al. (2009) on the genetic affiliations of various populations in Africa.

Iron Helix

No longer recognized due to the changes in their DNA, the O'Briens security robot, simply known as "the Ship's Defender", assumes they are invaders and kills them.

Jean-Jacques Cassiman

Jean-Jacques Cassiman has done work in the field of human genetics and DNA research.

Joe Son

As a condition of his plea agreement, Son was required to provide a DNA sample.

Joyce Gilchrist

Gilchrist earned the nickname "Black Magic" for her ability to match DNA evidence that other forensic examiners could not.

Karst Hoogsteen

Karst Hoogsteen is famous in the biochemistry world for noting a new base pairing form in DNA, now called Hoogsteen base pairs.

Kerala State Council for Science, Technology and Environment

The Center has a Regional Facility for Genetic Fingerprinting, which provides DNA analysis services for forensic and criminal investigations, paternity disputes, identification of wildlife remains, authentication of plants and seeds besides a battery of molecular diagnostics for genetic and infectious diseases.

Kid Amazo

As Amazo, merely an advanced robot, failed, the next approach would be to cross bio-mechanical material from Amazo's body with human ova and DNA, in order to obtain a cyborg being who would exhibit the best traits of both human and artificial life.

Kting voar

All supposed kting voar specimens that were subject to DNA analysis to date have turned out to be artificially shaped cattle horns (Hassanin et al., 2001; Thomas, Seveau, and Hassanin, 2001; Hassanin, 2002).

Lead shielding

Without a lead shield, the electrons within a person’s body would be affected, which could damage their DNA and cause cancer.

Life on Titan

In October 2010, Sarah Horst of the University of Arizona reported finding the five nucleotide bases—building blocks of DNA and RNA—among the many compounds produced when energy was applied to a combination of gases like those in Titan's atmosphere.

Linear dichroism

The predominant use of LD currently is in the study of bio-macromolecules (e.g. DNA) as well as synthetic polymers.

Marie-Louise von Franz

Von Franz, in 1968, was the first to argue that the mathematical structure of DNA is analogous to that of the I Ching.

Mary Brown Bullock

The biggest structural achievement during Bullock's reign was the $36.5 million Science Center that includes a three-story length painting of Agnes Scott's actual DNA, along with state-of-the-art equipment in all the labs.

Maxillary lateral incisor agenesis

Anthropologically-interesting human remains often have relatively well preserved skeletons, but no soft tissues or intact DNA.

Melamine cyanurate

The complex is held together by an extensive two-dimensional network of hydrogen bonds between the two compounds, reminiscent to that seen in DNA base pairing.

Mitchell R. Morrissey

In 2008, Morrissey was the first District Attorney in the United States to develop and implement familial DNA searching to solve cold cases.

Myxozoa

As their distinct nature became clear through 18S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequencing, they were relocated in the metazoa.

Namorita

An over-saturation of oxygen, coupled with the DNA Vyrra spliced into her at the time of her creation, caused her to change into a closer version of the original Atlanteans.

Northwest Airlines Flight 4422

Subsequently, using DNA from a descendant of Van Zandt, Dr. Odile Loreille, an expert in DNA analysis, was also able to identify the remains using mitochondrial and Y-DNA identification.

Ophidian 2350

Combat consists of one team pitted against another, and though competitors often die, the gladiators' DNA is often taken before the match to resurrect the fallen warrior.

Opuntia ficus-indica

Recent DNA analysis indicated O. ficus-indica was domesticated from Opuntia species native to central Mexico.

Ottis Toole

The police did not reveal any new physical evidence and pointed out that they still had no DNA evidence.

Outline of biophysics

Optical tweezers and Magnetic tweezers – allow for the manipulation of single molecules, providing information about DNA and its interaction with proteins and molecular motors, such as Helicase and RNA polymerase.

Oxamniquine

Oxamniquine is a semisynthetic tetrahydroquinoline and possibly acts by DNA binding, resulting in contraction and paralysis of the worms and eventual detachment from terminal venules in the mesentry, and death.

Peter Dupas

With Dupas in custody, police were able to obtain a DNA sample, linking him to the 1997 murder of Maher.

Petuvirus

The genus Petuvirus belongs to the family Caulimoviridae and is classified under group VII DNA reverse transcribing viruses.

Podophyllotoxin

For instance, etoposide binds and stabilizes the temporary break caused by the enzyme, disrupts the reparation of the break through which the double-stranded DNA passes, and consequently stops DNA unwinding and replication.

Prüm Convention

The Convention was adopted so as to enable the signatories to exchange data regarding DNA, fingerprints and Vehicle registration of concerned persons and to cooperate against terrorism.

Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics

The Randall continues the tradition of Biophysics at King’s established by Sir John Randall, which produced the studies of the structure of DNA by Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins.

Rock pocket mouse

In 2003, scientists sampled DNA from both light- and dark-coloured rock pocket mice from areas in Pinacate Peaks, Mexico and New Mexico, USA.

Rosa fedtschenkoana

Recent DNA research has discovered that R. fedtschenkoana is one of the parents of the damask group of garden roses (the other species involved being R. moschata and R. gallica).

Royal Saxon tomb in Prittlewell

The acidic sandy soil had completely dissolved the body's bones, and any other bone in the tomb, but some pieces of human teeth were found, but too far affected by decay for DNA to be found in them.

Rupert Bowers

Currently Bowers is known to be mounting a challenge to the retention of unconvicted persons DNA on the police national database following the decision of the European Court in S and Marper v United Kingdom and the recent decision of the Supreme Court.

Saavik

In Pandora Principle, Saavik, unlike the other half-Vulcan, half-Romulan child survivors, refuses a DNA test that would identify her Vulcan relatives.

Saethre–Chotzen syndrome

Prenatal testing is usually performed around 15–18 weeks, using amniocentesis to extract DNA from the fetus's cells.

Sage Group

In an interview with The Times, the CEO of Sage's UK business stated that: "Acquisitions are part of our DNA".

Spectrophotometer for Nucleic Acid Measurements

Analysis of nucleic acids is commonly performed to determine the average concentrations of DNA or RNA present in a mixture, as well as their purity.

Spumavirus

The virions contain significant amounts of double-stranded full-length DNA, and assembly is rather unusual in these viruses.

Stamps.com

The Smoking Gun has publicized various stamp designs it successfully ordered featuring images of Jimmy Hoffa, spies Ethel and Julius Rosenberg, and the DNA-stained blue dress of Monica Lewinsky.

State v. Stone

State v. Stone was written before DNA was widely used as evidence, and there is no discussion of any attempt to recover genetic material from the victim in the original publication.

Sulfonyl halide

In the episode "Encyclopedia Galactica" of his TV series Cosmos: A Personal Voyage, Carl Sagan speculates that some intelligent extraterrestrial beings might have a genetic code based on polyaromatic sulfonyl halides instead of DNA.

SYBR Green I

The SYBR green in the sample binds to the herring sperm DNA and, once bound, fluoresces giving off green light when illuminated by blue light.

Tail Sting

The scorpions excessive size is blamed on the fact they were cloned and engineered using DNA from "loads of things", including prehistoric scorpions.

Tamika Huston

The investigation’s biggest break came when the Spartanburg Public Safety Department discovered that a key found in the Honda had been matched to an apartment unit located at the Fremont School Apartment complex and blood evidence found in that Spartanburg apartment matched Tamika Huston’s DNA.

The Pirate Bay raid

Mikael Viborg, the legal advisor to The Pirate Bay, was arrested at his apartment, brought in for questioning, forced to submit a DNA sample and had his electronic equipment seized.

The Stranger Beside Me

DNA testing linked that killing to an ex-convict named William Cosden, who was subsequently tried and convicted of her murder.

Thomas Sweatt

He was linked to the fires though DNA evidence found at two scenes where a finger print, some skin cells on a wick, and a single hair all matched Sweatt's genetic profile.

Topotecan

Topoisomerase-I is a nuclear enzyme that relieves torsional strain in DNA by opening single strand breaks.

Ukiah Oregon

He has a remarkable ability to track people and sense the details of a subject's DNA, which he attributes to his lupine upbringing.

Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation

It is effective in destroying the nucleic acids in these organisms so that their DNA is disrupted by the UV radiation, leaving them unable to perform vital cellular functions.

The concept is based on the ability of ultraviolet light to kill infectious agents by disrupting their DNA.

William McGinnis

He also studies how Hox transcription functions control morphogenesis, and how changes in the Hox proteins, cofactors, and DNA targets affect morphology.

Yeast flocculation

Yeast are capable of forming three aggregates; mating aggregates, for DNA exchange; chain formation; and flocs as a survival strategy in adverse conditions (Calleja, 1987).

Yusuf Bey

Oakland's district attorney's office claimed to have conclusive DNA evidence identifying Bey as the father.


2011 Nairobi pipeline fire

He also reported that most bodies taken to the mortuary were burnt beyond recognition and would require DNA tests to confirm their identities.

Aharon Razin

In 2011 he received the Canada Gairdner Award from the Gairdner Foundation, together with Howard Cedar and Adrian Peter Bird, for their "pioneering discoveries on DNA methylation and its role in gene expression."

Alanna Schepartz

Her research has contributed to three different areas of chemical biology: protein-DNA recognition and transcriptional activation; the development of miniature proteins that bind specifically and with high affinity to protein and DNA; and the development of β-peptides as protein ligands and as building blocks of protein-like architectures.

Andreas Paraschos

From that point began the process of exhumations and identification through the scientific method of DNA.

Blue Mounds State Park

The case went unsolved for six years until May 2007 when, in a routine check of DNA samples of prison inmates in South Dakota, police found a match with DNA samples gathered from the crime scene.

Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal

On November 20, 2009, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers announced that a single sample of DNA from Asian carp had been found above the electric barrier that had been constructed in the canal in an attempt to prevent them from migrating into the Great Lakes.

Cornell Chimes

However, subsequent morphological, chemical, and DNA analysis by faculty members and undergraduates confirmed that it was indeed a pumpkin.

Cruciform

DNA can undergo transitions to form a cruciform shape, otherwise known as a Holliday junction.

Dialysis tubing

In the context of life science research, dialysis tubing is typically used in the sample clean-up and processing of proteins and DNA samples or complex biological samples such as blood or serum.

DNA sequencing

Allan Maxam and Walter Gilbert published a DNA sequencing method in 1977 based on chemical modification of DNA and subsequent cleavage at specific bases.

DnaX

The eukaryotic equivalent to the DNA clamp loader is Replication Factor C, which is encoded by RFC1, RFC2, RFC3, RFC4, and RFC5.

Doublesex

All of these are transcription factors with a zinc finger DNA-binding domain (known as the DM domain) and are involved in sex-specific differentiation.

Epigenomics AG

Epigenomics has licensed the SEPT9 biomarker and certain DNA methylation technologies to Quest Diagnostics and ARUP Laboratories in the US, as well as Warnex Laboratories in Canada.

Genetic history of indigenous peoples of the Americas

Prior to the 1952 confirmation of DNA as the hereditary material by Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase, scientists used blood proteins to study human genetic variation.

Haplogroup R-M173

In Indigenous Americans groups, R-M173 is the most common haplogroup after the various Q-M242, especially in North America in Ojibwe people at 79%, Chipewyan 62%, Seminole 50%, Cherokee 47%, Dogrib 40% and Papago 38%.

Hugo Van Heuverswyn

He obtained a chemistry degree at University of Ghent in 1971, and he obtained a Ph.D. at the Department of Molecular Biology, under Prof. Walter Fiers, where together with his colleagues, he determined for the first time the structure and regulatory mechanisms of a complete viral DNA genome: the virus SV40.

Japanese-Jewish common ancestry theory

Researcher and author Jon Entine emphasizes that DNA evidence excludes the possibility of significant links between Japanese and Jews.

Jayne Furlong

Her remains were discovered buried deep under a sand dune at Sunset Beach in Port Waikato on 19 May 2012, being identified by DNA.

Ketevan the Martyr

Niraj Rai of the CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India carried out ancient DNA analysis on these human bone remains excavated from the St. Augustine convent by sequencing and genotyping of the Mitochondrial DNA.

Magnetic tweezers

Most commonly magnetic tweezers are used to study mechanical properties of biological macromolecules like DNA or proteins in single-molecule experiments.

Mark Griep

Griep studies the proteins that synthesize DNA, namely primase and DnaB helicase.

Molecular drive

Molecular drive is a term coined by Gabriel Dover in 1982 to describe evolutionary processes that change the genetic composition of a population through DNA turnover mechanisms.

MOWA Band of Choctaw Indians

In 2007, Wilford Taylor, the Chief of the MOWA Choctaw Indians, agreed to participate in a DNA autosomal test that would map his genes, as part of the Genographic Project administered by the National Geographic Society.

Murder of Glenn Kopitske

Lawyers suggested that DNA evidence suggested the theory that Hirte killed Kopitske just to see if he could get away with it was not true.

Murder of Sally Anne Bowman

In October 2006, Dixie's DNA was sent to Western Australia to be tested against that of the DNA evidence in the Claremont serial killer case between 1996 and 1997, as it is believed he was in the area at the time of the killings, and may have committed them.

Radiobiology evidence for protons and HZE nuclei

Heavy-ion-induced effects on telomere stability have also been studied using siRNA (small interfering ribonucleic acid) knockdown for components of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) in human lymphoblasts.

Solenodon

The Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust and the Ornithological Society of Hispaniola were able to take measurements and DNA from the creature before it was released.

Star Gladiator

Rimgal: June's father, the former English scientist Michael Milliam turned into a Velociraptor dinosaur who fights with a Bone Club after Bilstein had experimented on him, mixing his human DNA with dinosaur DNA.

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

SERS can be used to target specific DNA and RNA sequences using a combination of gold and silver nanoparticles and Raman-active dyes, such as Cy3.

Transaldolase deficiency

Direct sequence analysis of genomic DNA from blood can be used to perform a mutation analysis for the TALDO1 gene responsible for the Transaldolase enzyme.

Trichloroacetic acid

It is widely used in biochemistry for the precipitation of macromolecules, such as proteins, DNA, and RNA.

Ugo A. Perego

Ugo A. M. Perego is a DNA researcher whose main focuses of study have been the origins of Native Americans and the Y-chromosome of Joseph Smith.

University of North Texas Health Science Center

It also conducts all DNA analysis for the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children.